Gold nanoparticles, 5 nm, NHS ester functionalized, conjugation kit – Sigma-Aldrich

Synonyms
NHS-activated gold nanoparticles

Cas No.
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General description
Gold nanoparticles, 5 nm, NHS ester functionalized, conjugation kit is a comprehensive kit that enables easy, one-step conjugation of your amine-containing ligands to 5 nm gold nanoparticles. The kit includes pre-made mixtures of lyophilized (freeze-dried) NHS-activated gold nanoparticles, along with all the necessary materials for three independent conjugation reactions. The kit components comprise:

• 3 vials of 5 nm NHS-Activated Gold Nanoparticles (lyophilized)
• Protein Resuspension Buffer – 1.5ml
• Reaction Buffer – 1.5ml
• Quencher Solution – 1.5ml
• Reaction protocol

The gold nanoparticles in this kit are supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) mixture. The conjugation reaction is initiated by simply reconstituting the freeze-dried nanoparticles with the protein of interest, which attaches to the nanoparticle surface via lysine residues.
The gold conjugation procedure has a quick hands-on time of around 10 minutes, and the conjugate is fully ready for use within 3 hr. Researchers only need to pipette the biomolecule into a vial containing the nanoparticles, quench the reaction, and perform product washing through microcentrifugation.

The provided protocol is optimized for highly efficient covalent conjugation, resulting in stable gold nanoparticle conjugates. Optional protocol steps involve additional materials, such as 10% aqueous BSA (126615) and Tris saline resuspension buffer (PPB002), which are sold separately.

Application
This gold conjugation kit streamlines the process of conjugating your proteins or biomolecules to 5 nm gold nanoparticles. Gold conjugation helps researchers to visualize and assay a specific protein or antibody of interest. Gold conjugates are useful in a wide range of applications like lateral flow testing, immunoblotting, immuno-electron microscopy, immunohistochemical staining, and other bio-assays.
Different sizes of gold nanoparticles perform better in specific applications. For lateral flow and flow cytometry, we recommend using gold nanoparticles with diameters between 20 nm and 100 nm. For immunoblotting or immuno-electron microscopy, the optimal range is 5 nm to 40 nm. For bioassays utilizing dynamic light scattering, gold nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 60 nm to 100 nm are suggested.

Features and Benefits

• The resulting covalent conjugates offer greater stability compared to those prepared using passive adsorption methods.
• Fast and convenient conjugation reaction with no need for pre-activation.
• A spacer between the gold nanoparticle surface and the conjugated ligand minimizes the impact on the tertiary protein structure. This reduces the likelihood of poor performing conjugates, a common issue encountered with conjugates prepared by passive adsorption.
• Gold surface coating is precisely engineered to minimize non-specific protein binding in biological assays.

Legal Information
Product of CytoDiagnostics, Inc.